AI Smart Drone for Disaster Monitoring and Rescue Operations
ESP32 + AI Agent + n8n Automation + Telegram Voice Alerts + Google Sheets + ThingSpeak
1. Project Overview
AI Smart Drone is an IoT based disaster monitoring system designed for rescue operations during floods, earthquakes, forest fires and emergency situations.
The drone collects sensor information, analyzes danger conditions, tracks location and automatically sends emergency notifications.
2. Features
- AI disaster detection
- Smoke and fire monitoring
- GPS location tracking
- Obstacle detection
- Battery monitoring
- Telegram voice alerts
- Google Sheets data logging
- ThingSpeak cloud dashboard
- n8n automation workflow
3. Hardware Components
| Component | Purpose |
|---|---|
| ESP32 | Main IoT controller |
| MQ2 Sensor | Smoke and gas detection |
| DHT22 | Temperature and humidity |
| Flame Sensor | Fire detection |
| Ultrasonic Sensor | Obstacle avoidance |
| GPS Module | Location tracking |
| ESP32-CAM | Image monitoring |
4. Circuit Connection
MQ2 Sensor VCC -> ESP32 5V GND -> ESP32 GND AO -> GPIO34 DHT22 DATA -> GPIO4 Flame Sensor OUT -> GPIO27 Ultrasonic TRIG -> GPIO5 ECHO -> GPIO18 GPS TX -> GPIO16 RX -> GPIO17 Battery Sensor ADC -> GPIO35
5. System Flowchart
START
|
Initialize ESP32
|
Connect WiFi
|
Read Sensors
|
Analyze Data
|
------------------
Safe Danger
| |
Cloud Alert
Update |
n8n
|
Telegram Voice
6. Working Principle
Sensors continuously collect environmental data. ESP32 sends data to cloud services. AI checks disaster conditions. If danger is detected:
- Emergency message generated
- GPS location attached
- Telegram voice alert sent
- Data stored in Google Sheets
7. ESP32 Source Code
#include <WiFi.h>
#include "DHT.h"
#define DHTPIN 4
#define DHTTYPE DHT22
DHT dht(DHTPIN,DHTTYPE);
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200);
dht.begin();
}
void loop()
{
float temp=dht.readTemperature();
int gas=analogRead(34);
Serial.println(temp);
Serial.println(gas);
if(temp > 70 || gas > 2500)
{
Serial.println("DANGER ALERT");
}
delay(5000);
}
8. n8n Automation Workflow
ESP32 | Webhook Trigger | AI Analyzer | Decision Node | ----------------- Safe Danger | | Sheet Telegram Log Voice Alert
9. Telegram Bot Setup
- Open Telegram
- Create bot using BotFather
- Copy Bot Token
- Add Telegram node in n8n
- Send emergency notifications
10. Google Sheets Integration
| Time | Temperature | Gas | GPS | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10:30 | 35°C | 300 | Location | Safe |
11. ThingSpeak Dashboard
ThingSpeak displays live:
- Temperature graph
- Humidity graph
- Gas level graph
- Battery level
- GPS data
12. AI Power Prediction
Power Usage = Motor Power + Sensor Power + Communication Power Battery Remaining Time = Battery Percentage / Usage Rate
13. Future Enhancements
- Thermal camera victim detection
- AI object recognition
- Autonomous navigation
- Multiple rescue drones
- 5G communication
14. Deployment Steps
- Assemble drone hardware
- Install ESP32 firmware
- Connect sensors
- Create ThingSpeak channel
- Setup n8n workflow
- Create Telegram bot
- Test emergency alerts
- Deploy drone
Project Result
AI Drone successfully monitors disaster environments,
detects hazards, tracks location and automatically sends
rescue alerts using IoT cloud automation.
